Seabed based monitoring platform system is an observation system that integrates a variety of Marine environment observation equipment or sensors and acquies a variety of Marine environment elements, relying on a seated platform placed on the seabed. It is a comprehensive monitoring device placed on the seabed for fixed-point, long-term and continuous measurement of the Marine environment, as shown in the figure. Compared with traditional monitoring methods, Seabed based monitoring platform system layout usually relies on a bottom-sitting platform, which can be stably placed on the seabed, and can withstand the impact of the Marine environment and erosion, and has the technical advantages of in-situ, long-term continuous, unaffected by sea conditions and weather, high data quality, and multi-factor synchronous monitoring.
Seabed based monitoring platform system observation equipment or sensors usually include acoustic Doppler current profiler, thermohaline depth profiler, underwater camera, hydrophone, etc., which can realize all-round observation of the Marine environment and collect real-time Marine environmental data, including water temperature, salinity, flow rate, water quality and other parameters, to reveal the real situation of the Marine environment from different angles. The Seabed based monitoring platform system can also be equipped with equipment such as chemical analysis instruments to analyze and monitor the chemical composition of seawater. The underwater monitoring sensor continuously monitors the bottom water of the ocean. After acquiring the monitoring data of the submarine sensor, the underwater acoustic communication machine transmits the acoustic signal to the receiving equipment on the sea surface through the acoustic transducer. After transcoding, the data is finally transmitted to the data application platform through satellite or other means. Up to now, Seabed based monitoring platform system has been widely used, and has been paid attention to by various maritime countries. The design of the seabed base mainly depends on the function of the seabed base, in addition to the external size and internal structure, but also need to consider the environmental characteristics of the applicable sea area, safety, processing and production, distribution and recovery, cost and installation and many other aspects. There are two main forms of Seabed based monitoring platform system applications, namely independent bottom-sitting platforms and seabed observation network nodes.
The Seabed based monitoring platform system can be equipped with the following sensors: ① physical ocean observation sensors: water temperature, salinity, depth, turbidity, current, wave, etc. ② Geophysical observation instrument sensors: submarine gravimeter, magnetometer, seismometer, tsunami sensor, etc. ③ Biochemical ocean observation sensors: chlorophyll, pH, CO₂, methane, nutrient salts, etc. ④ Other sensors: video surveillance systems, etc. At present, most seabed bases are equipped with physical ocean observation sensors, mainly because the technology of physical ocean sensor is relatively mature and the observation data is relatively stable. Due to the different types and numbers of sensors and collectors, the size, shape and weight of the platform are also different. The seabed base, which is usually equipped with a small number of sensors, is mostly used in shallow seas, and has simple structural design, small size and light weight. The seabed base equipped with dozens or even hundreds of sensors has complex structural design, large size and heavy weight.
Seabed Based Floating Body, as the name suggests, is a device installed on the sea bed to carry deep-sea observation equipment and provide buoyancy. It is usually composed of buoyancy materials, structural frames, anchoring systems and other parts, which can maintain stability in extreme deep-sea environments, ensuring that observation equipment can collect deep-sea data for a long time, continuously and accurately. The buoyancy for Seabed based monitoring platform system produced by Rizhao and Jia adopts the high-strength solid buoyancy material independently developed by the company. This material has the characteristics of light weight, pressure resistance and easy processing, which not only greatly improves the buoyancy performance of the floating body, but also effectively enhances its corrosion resistance and wear resistance, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the buoyancy in the harsh deep-sea environment.
